BFSUMUNC 2025

Topic

改善埃塞俄比亚人道主义局势

About the committee

2018年，一场权力更替，提格雷人民解放阵线（提人阵）离开了埃塞俄比亚中央政府，失去了政治中心地位，退缩回埃塞俄比亚西北角落的提格雷自治州。而改组上台的阿比政府，希望一个更加强大的中央，试图改变现有的民族联邦制。首当其冲的，正是刚刚离开权力中心的提人阵。 而后，铳响—— 提格雷人的血，政府军的血，各个民族的血，染红了埃塞俄比亚的大地。血，模糊了人类本就浅薄的理智；涂抹了尚未形成的国家观念；摧毁了匆匆建立的现代治理； 提人阵败了，内战已然暂息。可燃起的火焰远未停歇。 约十万难民滞留在苏丹边境无处可去；来自北方的厄立特里亚军队依旧在提格雷州内肆意屠杀；被摧毁殆尽的治理体系叠加被激化的仇恨，导致阿比政府对提格雷地区的统治成本超出了其孱弱的治理能力。没有赢家。战火暂歇，而余烬依旧灼人——数亿美金的基础重建花费；持续不断的饥荒；没有希望的未来。宛如人间炼狱的提格雷州和其上被炙烤的提格雷人需要拯救。 牵一发而动全身，再无解决方案，非洲之角的动乱似乎近在眼前。“非洲问题，非洲方案”——非盟，闪耀着理想色彩的产物，不得不面对非洲支离破碎的现实。 退路已消散于血与火之中，唯有向前。 崩溃迫在眉睫，争取每次机会。 长夜，终将临光。

Countries

Topic

“寻找和平”——1978中东局势

About the committee

1978年，历经四场中东战争的埃及已经认清了一个残酷的现实——阿拉伯世界无法战胜以色列。在这一年，中东地区虽没有大型战事的发生，但地区内的冲突仍然存在：叙利亚仍在坚持收复戈兰高地；黎巴嫩也在南部边境和以色列时有摩擦；至于阿拉法特和他的巴解组织同僚便更不用说。 这一年，埃及和以色列两国在多轮的试探与破冰后，终于在美国的调解下签订了具有划时代意义的戴维营协议，阿以和平初露曙光。但是，和平的实现并非是一帆风顺的，其结果也未必尽如人意：戴维营协议并未为叙利亚、黎巴嫩、巴勒斯坦争取到任何实质利益。阿拉伯世界完全不接受埃及为一己之利而抛弃阿拉伯兄弟利益的行为，这既未履行它作为阿拉伯世界领头羊的责任，更是对当年纳赛尔提出的泛阿拉伯民族主义道路的背叛。埃及最终被扣上了“叛徒”的帽子，在1979-1989年间也失去了阿盟的成员国资格。美苏冷战的大背景亦是不可忽略的，勃列日涅夫即使和萨达特关系不佳也不愿将这一重要的外交成果拱手让给美国，而是坚持在美苏共同担任主席国的日内瓦会议框架下斡旋埃以双方。可以说，1978年是中东地区“寻找和平”的年份，但能否寻得，如何寻得，何时寻得，还需要各位在会议中探索。

Countries

Topic

Global Efforts on Strengthening Supply Chain Resilience and Reducing Inequality

About the committee

The global supply chain resilience and the efforts to reduce inequality have always been central topics in international economic discussions, particularly within UNCTAD. From the rise of globalization to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change, the global industrial chain has long been formed in the increasingly close global division of labor. It is related to the international trade pattern and global economic development and is severely related to fair competition technology transformation. Against the background of the increasing geopolitical crisis and the continuous development of the digital economy that emerged based on emerging technologies, the global economic imbalance and the debt crisis of developing countries are increasing, while the signs of global trade inequality are becoming more and more serious. The collective pursuit of the international community especially the developing countries regarding global economic fairness was supposed. Therefore, it is crucial to rebuild the supply chains in a way that reduces inequality and promotes sustainable development with global cooperation. While global supply chains continue to evolve in the face of new challenges, UNCTAD’s leadership in promoting resilient, inclusive, and sustainable trade practices will remain essential. In the context of globalization, it balances the economic interests of different countries and promotes the fairness and sustainability of global trade and development. It enables delegates to learn more about the division of labor in the global industrial chain and to formulate a full-scale comprehension of the importance of UNCTAD and other international financial organizations in the development of global trade and international relations. By aligning the agenda with the SDGs, particularly in promoting sustainable trade practices and ensuring that the benefits of globalization are shared more equitably, for the prosperity and collective benefits of human beings, the future will be written by your wisdoms.

Countries

Topic

Innovative and Inclusive Application of Digital Technologies for Youth Mental Health

About the committee

“The need for transformative change in mental health services is undeniable, with conventional approaches falling short in our rapidly evolving world.” —Victor Olusoji Ladele- Innovation Lead, Mental Health, Global Office of Innovation, UNICEF Today, 14% of young people around the world are affected by mental health disorders, and nearly half of them suffer before the age of 15. Children, adolescents and their families face barriers to availability, acceptability, and accessibility of quality mental health and psychosocial support services. The lack of availability of services is significant with a current gap in the provision of mental health care of over 90% globally. Even with available services, quality remains a concern with a dearth of trained workforce and few systematic training and career development opportunities in the countries with the greatest need. Mental health is a global issue, yet it remains stigmatized in almost every country, rich or poor. Access to available care can be very challenging in rural areas, for children and families on the move or emergency contexts such as conflict, natural disaster, and displacement. Bearing “for every child” in mind, UNICEF works across more than 190 countries and territories to ensure children physical and mental health. While having established the Mental Health Innovation Portfolio and platforms like USupport, UNICEF continues to call for more innovative and inclusive digital treatment practices. Under the lead of UNICEF, in this MUN conference, delegates will engage in heated discussion on how to to innovatively and inclusively integrate digital technologies into youth mental healthcare. They will have a chance to participate in simulated global forum, striving to reach a consensus on digital approaches to maintaining youth mental health. The well-being of youth is at your hands. *In this committee the discussions are held in executive board meetings.

Countries

Topic

Enhancing Strategic Trade Partnerships and Fostering Economic Autonomy

About the committee

Amid escalating Russia-Ukraine tensions, recurrent Sino-American trade frictions, and the burgeoning growth of emerging economies, the European Union's domestic industries confront multifaceted challenges: technological competition, political fragmentation, and rising unemployment. In May 2023, European Council enacted the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, which entered into application in its transitional phase five months later, significantly impacting trade between the EU and countries such as Russia, China, and India. On 23 October 2023, European Council adopted its new anti-coercion instrument, aiming to protect the EU and its member states from economic coercion by third countries that use measures affecting trade or investment, enabling the European Union to adopt a more assertive stance in handling foreign trade matters. On Oct 29, 2024, the European Commission concluded its anti-subsidy investigation by imposing definitive countervailing duties on imports of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) from China for a period of five years, with rates ranging from 17.8% to 45.3%. In an era of deepening globalization, the EU has chosen to erect a wall. On May 30, 2024, during the Foreign Affairs Council meeting in its Trade configuration, Hadja Lahbib, Belgium's Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs, and Foreign Trade, stated: "Without trade, there can be no competitiveness. And without competitiveness, there is no prosperity. Competitiveness will therefore most certainly be one of the main trade priorities for the next legislative cycle. To do this, we need an open, proactive and ambitious trade policy." Amid the relentless tides of globalization, the European Union once again stands at a pivotal crossroads. Can it withstand these surging challenges, heed the clarion call for renewal, bridge the chasm in innovation and productivity, and embark on a path toward common economic prosperity, heightened competitiveness, and a climate-neutral future?

Countries

Topics

1. Cooperation between the United Nations and Regional and Subregional Organisations in Maintaining International Peace and Security
2. Situation in Haiti

Countries

Topic

Promotion des Humanités dans une Planète en Transition

About the committee

Les humains ont-ils encore besoin des humanités ? Au cours des dernières années, les discussions sur la place des humanités dans la société actuelle se sont multipliées. Il est vrai que, en regardant l’histoire, les disciplines telles que la littérature, l’art, la philosophie et la linguistique ont créé une infinité de gloire, toujours à l’avant-garde de la civilisation humaine, symbolisant le sommet de la réflexion de l’humanité sur son existence et la préservation de sa dignité. Cependant, dans la société actuelle, les humanités semblent moins éclatantes qu’à l’époque passée. Pour trouver une voie pour les humanités, l’UNESCO a décidé de convoquer une conférence mondiale des humanités, réunissant des humanistes, des responsables gouvernementaux et des experts en éducation de tous les pays du monde pour discuter ensemble et rechercher des mesures réalisables et des trajectoires de développement durables. Il convient de noter que l’embarras actuel du développement des humanités est dû non seulement à l’influence de l’environnement social objectivement, mais aussi à des problèmes endogènes propres à ces disciplines. Quoi qu’il en soit, nous espérons que lors de cette conférence, les représentants pourront analyser en profondeur les causes d’obstacle, explorer des voies de développement et réformer les modèles d’éducation. Revenant à la question initiale, la réponse pourrait être celle que l’UNESCO a exprimée: « Les humanités ont une tâche historique. Elles doivent rester comme bastion en défense contre la xénophobie, l’intolérance et les fondamentalismes. » Lorsque nous pensons aux humanités, nous pensons toujours au dialogue entre Aristote et Platon, à la quête de la bonté par Confucius, au langage inspirant de Winston Churchill, à l’analyse percutante des contradictions sociales par Karl Marx, à la satire de l’immoralité par Molière, à la poursuite du sublime et de l’expression par les grands peintres de l’histoire de l’art…

Countries

Topic

Protección de los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas

About the committee

La Tercera Comisión de la Asamblea General de la ONU se encarga de proteger los derechos de diversos grupos a nivel mundial, en especial, los derechos de los indígenas. La Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas(aprobada en 2007) subraya claramente que los pueblos indígenas, ya sea de forma colectiva o individual, tienen derecho a gozar plenamente de todos los derechos humanos y libertades fundamentales reconocidos por la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y el derecho internacional. Sin embargo, desde la adopción de la Declaración, sus derechos aún no han sido plenamente protegidos, y continúan ocurriendo violaciones, así como incidentes y conflictos entre los pueblos indígenas y otros grupos sociales. Además, la desigualdad objetiva se ve cada día más complicada. Es menester tomar medidas más unidas y eficientes que puedan permitirles espacio y libertad de mantener su cultura y elegir su estilo de vida, mientras involucrarlos en el desarrollo socioeconómico con otros grupos a fin de que nadie se quede atrás.

Countries