Jagiellonian MUN 2025

Topic

Addressing the Worsening Humanitarian Crisis and Restoring Democratic Governance in Myanmar.

About the committee

Myanmar’s protracted conflict has evolved into a multifaceted crisis marked by political repression, ethnic fragmentation, and one of the world’s most severe humanitarian emergencies. Since the 2021 military coup, millions have been displaced amid escalating violence and the collapse of democratic institutions. Deep-rooted ethno-religious tensions and the competing interests of regional and global actors have further complicated efforts toward peace. Despite the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 2669 (2022) calling for an end to violence and the restoration of democracy, tangible progress remains limited. Moving forward, a sustainable resolution will require a coordinated international effort to protect civilians, facilitate humanitarian access, and support an inclusive political process that restores stability and paves the way toward democratic governance.

Countries

Topic

Regulating the Use of Autonomous and Unconventional Weapon Systems.

About the committee

Advances in artificial intelligence and robotics have accelerated the development of autonomous and unconventional weapon systems, blurring the line between human decision-making and automated force. Beyond traditional battlefields, such technologies are increasingly being adopted by domestic law enforcement and border security agencies, raising complex questions about accountability, ethical use, and compliance with international human rights standards. The absence of clear global regulation has led to growing debate over whether these systems enhance security or risk undermining it. This committee will consider frameworks to ensure transparency, human oversight, and responsible innovation in the evolving landscape of modern defense and security technologies.

Countries

Topic

Discussing Debt Relief and Financial Aid for Developing Nations.

About the committee

The rising debt burdens of developing nations pose a serious threat to global economic stability and sustainable growth. While international financial institutions and donor countries continue to offer relief and assistance, such measures often test national budgets and challenge fiscal balance. Achieving progress requires a careful equilibrium between economic responsibility and global solidarity, supported by transparent lending, fair restructuring mechanisms, and inclusive financial governance. Strengthening these systems is essential to ensure that developing nations can pursue secure, independent, and sustainable development in an increasingly interconnected world.

Countries

Topic

Combatting Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking.

About the committee

Modern slavery and human trafficking remain among the most pervasive violations of human rights, affecting millions worldwide and undermining social and economic development. Despite significant international frameworks and legal instruments, the persistence of these crimes highlights ongoing gaps in enforcement, coordination, and victim protection. Advancing sustainable solutions requires robust international cooperation, the harmonization of national legislation, and the integration of human rights–based approaches to prevention and rehabilitation, ensuring that global efforts translate into tangible protection and justice for all.

Countries

Topic

Addressing the Impact of Mass Tourism on Indigenous Populations

About the committee

The rapid growth of mass tourism has placed increasing pressure on local and Indigenous communities, leading to cultural commodification, rising inequality, and the disruption of traditional ways of life. In destinations across the globe, unsustainable visitor influxes have underscored the urgent need for more inclusive and responsible tourism practices worldwide. Guided by the principles of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, this committee will explore how the global tourism industry can align with Sustainable Development Goals 8, 11, and 12 to promote economic opportunity while safeguarding cultural heritage, social equity, and environmental sustainability.

Countries

Topic

Examining State Officials' Immunity from Foreign Prosecution and its Limits under International Law.

About the committee

The question of state officials’ immunity lies at the heart of the tension between sovereignty and justice in international law. While immunity protects diplomatic integrity and the stability of interstate relations, it can also hinder accountability for serious violations of human rights and international norms. In light of past and ongoing debates surrounding the prosecution of political leaders, this topic invites reflection on how far such protections should extend and under what circumstances they must yield to the pursuit of justice, seeking a balance between the preservation of state authority and the universal demand for accountability.

Countries

Topic

Ensuring Access to Healthcare in Conflict Zones in Light of Recent Humanitarian Crises.

About the committee

Ongoing conflicts across the globe have severely disrupted access to essential healthcare, leaving millions without medical assistance and exposing the vulnerabilities of humanitarian response systems. The destruction of infrastructure, displacement of populations, and targeting of medical personnel continue to challenge the principles of neutrality and international humanitarian law. In alignment with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being, this discussion seeks to strengthen global mechanisms that ensure timely and secure medical support in crisis areas. Central to this effort is defining responsibility by determining which actors coordinate resources, provide critical equipment, and guarantee safe delivery amid instability in order to uphold the right to health even in the most volatile regions.

Countries

Topic

Addressing the overexploitation of maritime resources and overfishing.

About the committee

The overexploitation of marine resources and unsustainable fishing practices threaten ocean biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and global food security. In line with Sustainable Development Goal 14: Life Below Water and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, this committee will assess international progress toward sustainable ocean management. Delegates will debate on regulatory frameworks, the effectiveness of combatting illegal and unregulated fishing, and promote the restoration of marine ecosystems to ensure the long-term health of our oceans.

Countries